The rudd concession, a written concession for exclusive mining rights in matabeleland, mashonaland and other adjoining territories in southern africa, was granted by king lobengula of matabeleland to charles rudd pictured, james rochfort maguire and francis thompson, three agents acting on behalf of the politician and businessman cecil rhodes, on 30 october 1888. Rhodes was funded by the rothschild family, who had substantial financial hold over him. The rudd concession was a pure figment of imagination of the british colonial mind without any truth in fact. The fact is there was a complex web of politics that were taking place that led to the succe.
Helm signed as a witness of the concession but also wrote the endorsement. In reality, the rudd concession was a deceitful perfidious trick played by the british on king lobengula to. By 1914 only about one tenth abyssinia ethiopia and liberia was not. Both names, in the isindebele language, mean the men of the long shields, a reference to the ndebele warriors use of the zulu shield and spear. The ndebele detested the treachery used by the british in compelling lobengula to sign the rudd concession. He also sent two emissaries to the queen in england accompanied. The british south africa company and the irregularity of its financial and political operations are dealt with in detail.
Assessing the matabele wars eastern illinois university. Because chivi lay also on the route used by the british occupying force, the pioneer column, to enter mashonaland, much of the memories of this. This eventually paved the way for the colonization of thenrhodesia zimbabwe. The british explorer thomas baines who signed the baines concession. Asked in treaties, treaty of versailles, treaty of paris 1783. The big lie surrounding the royal charter celebrating. For example, king lobengula never ever discussed nor negotiated a single term in the fraudulent rudd concession with the british.
Rhodes chief emissary, rudd, promised that only ten white men would be sent to organize mining and that they would be subject to the sovereignty of the ndebele king. This treaty was signed between piet grobler and king lobengula in 1887, representing the boer republic of the transvaal. The african ejournals project has digitized full text of. The king would throw persistent europeans to the izinduna who knew how to deal with them. In as much as he was influenced into signing of treaties that were used to colonize zimbabwe like the famous rudd concession, it is also undeniable that the colonization of zimbabwe was masterminded by not only cecil john rhodes but with the imperial force of the time. Name two treaties signed in 1888 by lobengula with the british. The rudd concession 30 october 1888 african heritage. Such verbal clauses, however, were not included in the written text of the rudd concession 1888. Keppeljones also discusses the development in the midst of the indigenous population of an alien white society and state, from their crude beginnings to their emergence in a form still recognizable today. This led to the sending of charles rudd and his negotiators to go and seek a concession with lobengula called the rudd concession the team consisted of rochfort maigure a very close friend of rhodes and a law graduate from oxford, francis thompson an interpreter fluent in nguni languages and charles rudd a business associate of rhodes in. He also wrote a letter to the british high commissioner based in botswana. His visit was designed to help advance rhodes interests, but rudd, who was unaware of shippards support, actually received his intervention with annoyance, complaining that it might delay the concession.
The rudd concession is a concession signed between king lobengula and charles rudd that gave mining rights in zimbabwe to white. A history of zimbabwe, 18902000 and postscript, zimbabwe, 2001. Treaties which where signed by lobengula in 1890 answers. The rudd concession, a written concession for exclusive mining rights in matabeleland, mashonaland and other adjoining territories, was granted by king lobengula of matabeleland to charles rudd, james rochfort maguire and francis thompson, three agents acting on behalf of the south africanbased politician and businessman cecil rhodes, on 30 october 1888. The rudd concession was the first stage of british involvement in zimbabwe. Know all men by these presents, that whereas charles dunell rudd, of kimberley. Charter of the british south africa company 29 october, 1889. In this video manners msongelwa explains the role which was played by ordinary citizens in support of the second chimurenga. Wikipedia article, wikidata item the rudd concession, a written concession for exclusive mining rights in matabeleland, mashonaland and other adjoining territories, was granted by king lobengula of matabeleland to charles rudd, james rochfort maguire and francis thompson, three agents acting.
The rudd concession, a written concession for exclusive mining rights in matabeleland. What steps were taken by rhodes in the colonization of. As with the rudd concession, the lippert concession has been described as defective. History of the rudd concession ace british history news. The first action towards the colonization of zimbabwe was the rudd concession, which was pushed through by cecil rhodes in 1888. Rudd concession and memories of colonial exploitation and dispossession, has provided the conceptual and ideological foundations to the governments economic policies and programmes. The rudd concession of 30 october 1888 free zimsec.
How did rhodes contribute to the colonization of zimbabwe. The colonial story goes that the british arch imperialist, cecil john rhodes struck an agreement called the rudd concession with the late. The rhodesian colonial story says that the royal charter which was the legal document that gave the british arch imperialist cecil john rhodes the authority to colonise our country, zimbabwe, was as a result of rhodes fraudulent rudd concession which persuaded the british government to give rhodes and the british south africa company bsac the royal charter. A history of zimbabwe, 18902000 and postscript, zimbabwe. Once the british were mining in zimbabwe, the order to take control. Old bulawayo kobulawayo the failure of heritage renewed. A history of zimbabwe, 18902000 and postscript, zimbabwe, 20012008 by chengetai j. No more than ten europeans were to enter lobengulas territory at any given time. Click the link below to download the full history form 3 notes pdf document, with all the topics. Rudd concession by king lobengula of matabeleland 1888.
The ndebele state by julian cobbing the ndebele state. Cecil rhodes in fact reported directly to nathan mayer rothschild. A list of the treaties signed by lobengula and the whites. The terms of the agreement, known as the rudd concession, was that british prospectors could have access to lobengulas land for a short period of time in exchange for a thousand rifles and a monthly payment of a hundred.
Britain made this document such that large portions of zimbabwe would be taken away from matabeleland for the british south africa company, disguised so that matabeleland could gain weapons and supposed wealth. Pdf the depth of political and economic despair in zimbabwe is beyond dispute. Soon after independence, practices of disassimilation in the public sector, based on insurmountable biological. Lobengulamoffat treat and the rudd concession provided rhodes with a. Rudd concession on which the british queen based her decision to grant cecil rhodes the charter for the colonisation of the country. The rudd concession, a written concession for exclusive mining rights in matabeleland, mashonaland and other adjoining territories in what is today zimbabwe, was granted by king lobengula of matabeleland to charles rudd, james rochfort maguire and francis thompson, three agents acting on behalf of the south africanbased politician and businessman cecil rhodes, on 30 october 1888. Until the rudd concession there is an impressive smoothness about most decisionmaking in the ndebele state. From the slave trade to conquest, 14411905 second ed.
They were a suspicious cunning, intelligent for the most part, worldlywise group of men who. Zimbabwe under britain zimbabwe and related topics. Rhodes, said the directors report sent to the shareholders of gold fields in 1890. Rhodes began advocating the annexation by britain of matabeleland and mashonaland in 1887 by applying pressure to a number of senior colonial officials, most prominently the high commissioner for southern africa, sir hercules robinson, and sidney shippard, the british administrator in the territory of bechuanaland, which lay immediately between the cape and. Memories and contestations of the scramble for zimbabwe. Rudd concession, a document that virtually surrendered his powers to cecil john rhodes and his partners. Lobengula khumalo 18451894 was the second and last king of the northern ndebele people historically called matabele in english. Also of great importance was the part played by francis thompson as a translator for rhodes representatives during the negotiations for both the moffat treaty and rudd concession. To this end, he fully exploited old family ties with ndebele royalty and got lobengula to assent to the moffat treaty and rudd concession both in 1888. The treaty was also known as the friendship treaty. A closer look at the rudd concession will show that it was a mere fraudulent document. Government for the granting of a royal charter, messrs rudd, thompson, and. The rudd concession was a concern signed and granted by king lobengula to. How was lobengula entirely to blame for the colonisation.
The problem with history is that a lot of details tend to be lost and as time progresses the circumstances surrounding the historical events gets ignored. Describe the events for the signing of the rudd concession. European invasion of africa and the process of colonization history form 3 notes. This book offers a clear and concise account of the scramble or race for africa, the period of around 20 years during which european powers c. The rudd concession, a written concession for exclusive mining rights in matabeleland and other adjoining territories in what is today zimbabwe, was granted by king lobengula of matabeleland to charles rudd, james rochfort maguire and francis thompson, three agents acting on behalf of the south africanbased politician and businessman cecil rhodes, on 30 october 1888. A list of the treaties signed by lobengula and the whites in the 19th century. Rhodesia, which is now zimbabwe and zambia, was named after cecil rhodes.
Rudd concession by king lobengula of matabeleland 1888 know all men by these presents, that whereas charles dunell rudd, of kimberley. I hereby certify that the accompanying document has been fully interpreted and explained by me to the chief lobengula and his full. In 1870 barely one tenth of africa was under european control. Reaction of lobengula after the rudd concession after e. Hazell 1 katerina hazell honors senior thesis the nature. Below is the text for the treacherous rudd concession which granted exclusive mining rights in matabeleland, mashonaland, and surrounding areas between king lobengula of the matabeleland, and james rudd representing cecil rhodes. Forbade lobengula from signing further concessions with other european powers without the consent of cecil rhodes bsac 2. The first circumscribed lobengulas power in foreign policy issues while the second gave rhodes agents complete mineral rights and full powers to procure them in lobengulas territory.
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